The territories conquered by the muslims in the middle east, north africa and spain were ruled from syria by a succession of caliphs belonging to the umayyad family, the first caliphal. Prior to the advent of islam, the umayyads were a largely merchant family of the quraysh tribe. The umayyad caliphate, established in 661 ce, was a powerful islamic dynasty that ruled over a vast empire stretching from spain to persia.
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The manner in which the umayyad dynasty assumed the caliphate left two powerful factions in opposition to them within the muslim faith. Under the leadership of the umayyad caliphs, the. The movement that began with the abu muslim khorasani’s revolt spread in a short time, and the umayyad state came to an end with the defeat and killing of the last umayyad.
Marwan ibn muhammad, the last umayyad caliph, was defeated and the syrians, still loyal to the umayyads, were put to rout.
'sons of umayya') or umayyads (arabic: One group, the shia, considered ali to be. Based on the conquests achieved during the time of the.
